Birth Dates of Notable Kentuckians: October 24, 1945 - Eugenie Scott

From Wikipedia (Accessed October 24, 2017)

Eugenie Carol Scott (born October 24, 1945) is an American physical anthropologist, a former university professor and educator who has been active in opposing the teaching of young earth creationism and intelligent design in schools.

From 1986 to 2014,[1] Scott served as the Executive Director of the National Center for Science Education, Inc., a nonprofit science education organization supporting teaching of evolutionary science. She holds a Ph.D. in biological anthropology from the University of Missouri. A biologist, her research has been in human medical anthropology and skeletal biology. Scott serves on the National Advisory Council of Americans United for Separation of Church and State.

Early life and education
Scott grew up in Wisconsin and first became interested in anthropology after reading her sister's anthropology textbook.[2] Scott received a BS and MS from the University of Wisconsin–Milwaukee, followed by a PhD from the University of Missouri. She joined the University of Kentucky as a physical anthropologist in 1974 and shortly thereafter attended a debate between her mentor James A. Gavan and the young earth creationist Duane Gish which piqued her interest in the creation-evolution controversy.[3][4] She also taught at the University of Colorado and at California State University, Hayward. Her research work focused on medical anthropology and skeletal biology.

Career
In 1980, Scott worked to prevent creationism from being taught in the public schools of Lexington, Kentucky. Scott was appointed the executive director of the National Center for Science Education in 1987, the year in which teaching creation science in American public schools was deemed illegal by the Supreme Court in Edwards v. Aguillard. Scott announced that she would be retiring from this position by the end of 2013,[5][6] doing so on 6 January 2014. Her place was taken by Ann Reid.[7]

James Underdown director of Center for Inquiry West and Independent Investigations Group (IIG) West presents award from the IIG August 21, 2010

Worldview
Scott was brought up in Christian Science by her mother and grandmother but later switched to a congregational church under the influence of her sister; she describes her background as liberal Protestant.[8] Scott is now a secular humanist and describes herself as a nontheist. In 2003, the San Francisco Chronicle reported that "Scott describes herself as atheist but does not discount the importance of spirituality."[9] In 2003 she was one of the signatories to the third humanist manifesto, Humanism and Its Aspirations.[10]

Authorship
Scott is an expert on creationism and intelligent design. Her book Evolution vs. Creationism: An Introduction was published by Greenwood Press in 2004 and then in paperback by the University of California Press in 2005. It has a foreword by Niles Eldredge.

She co-edited with Glenn Branch the 2006 anthology Not in Our Classrooms: Why Intelligent Design is Wrong for Our Schools.

In 2006 Jon D. Miller, Scott and Shinji Okamoto had a brief article published in Science entitled "Public Acceptance of Evolution", an analysis of polling on the acceptance of evolution from the last 20 years in the United States and compared to other countries.[11][12] Turkey had the lowest acceptance of evolution in the survey, with the United States having the next-lowest, though the authors saw a positive in the higher percentage of Americans who are unsure about evolution, and therefore "reachable" for evolution.[13]

Media appearances

2009 Independent Investigations Award Recipient[14]

David Berlinski, a fellow at the Discovery Institute, describes Scott as an opponent "who is often sent out to defend Darwin".[15] Scott prefers to see herself as "Darwin's golden retriever".[16]

Scott has been profiled in The New York Times,[4] Scientific American,[17] The Scientist,[18] the San Francisco Chronicle,[19] and the Stanford Medical Magazine.[20] She has had been interviewed for Science & Theology News,[8] CSICOP,[21] Church & State[22] and Point of Inquiry.[23][24] [25] She has commentary published by Science & Theology News,[26] Metanexus Institute.[27]

Scott has taken part in numerous debates on MSNBC and Fox News.[28][29][30]

In 2004, Scott represented the National Center for Science Education on the Showtime television show Penn & Teller: Bullshit!, on the episode titled "Creationism", where she offered philosophical views about the creationist and intelligent design movements.[31]

Kitzmiller v. Dover Area School District
In 2005, Scott and other NCSE staff served as scientific and educational consultants for the plaintiffs in the Kitzmiller v. Dover Area School District case regarding the teaching of intelligent design in public schools. Judge John Jones ruled in favor of the plaintiffs. Scott said that "we won decisively" and "in triplicate," and "we had the better case."[24] About the merits of the case, she said, "Within evolutionary biology, we argue about the details... and the mechanisms," but "we don't argue about whether living things descended with modification from common ancestors, which is what biological evolution is all about.... The Dover School Board wanted students to doubt whether evolution had taken place."[24]

Personal life
Scott and her husband, lawyer Thomas C. Sager, have one daughter and reside in Berkeley, California.

Scott is a backyard beekeeper with two beehives[32]. Although she isn't a bee researcher, she is interested in the causes of colony collapse disorder. She is an advocate of amateur beekeeping, since it is good for "increasing genetic variability of the European honeybees" that are important for agriculture, making it "less likely... to have a really disastrous crash in the bee population."[32]

Bibliography
· Eugenie C. Scott (2004). "Evolution vs. Creationism: An Introduction". Berkeley & Los Angeles, California: University of California Press. ISBN 0-520-24650-0. Retrieved 16 June 2010. Also: Westport, Connecticut: Greenwood Press. ISBN 0-313-32122-1

· Eugenie C. Scott & Glenn Branch (2006). "Not in Our Classrooms: Why Intelligent Design Is Wrong for Our Schools". Boston: Beacon Press. ISBN 0-8070-3278-6.

References
1. {https://www.facebook.com/eugenie.c.scott/about?lst=100000172902757%3A544678527%3A1482253732&section=education&pnref=about{}
2. What inspired me to take up science?, Eugenie Scott
3. My Favorite Pseudoscience, Eugenie Scott, from Skeptical Odysseys: Personal Accounts by the World's Leading Paranormal Inquirers. Paul Kurtz, ed. Amherst (NY): Prometheus Books, 2001, p 245-56.
4. "Standard-Bearer in Evolution Fight". New York Times. 2013-09-02. Retrieved 2013-09-06.
5. Press Release (May 6, 2013). "NCSE's Scott to retire". National Center for Science Education. Retrieved 2013-06-23.
6. Mervis, Jeffrey (May 6, 2013). "Eugenie Scott to Retire From U.S. Center That Fights Antievolution Forces". Science. Retrieved 2013-06-23.
7. "Welcome, Ann Reid". NCSE. January 6, 2014. Retrieved 2014-01-13.
8. A Conversation with Eugenie Scott Science and Theology News
9. Lam, Monica (2006-11-13). "PROFILE / EUGENIE SCOTT / Berkeley scientist leads fight to stop teaching of creationism". The San Francisco Chronicle.
10. "Notable Signers". Humanism and Its Aspirations. American Humanist Association. Archived from the original on October 5, 2012. Retrieved October 6, 2012.
11. "Public Acceptance of Evolution" in Science, NCSE, August 15, 2006
12. Miller; et al. (2006). "SCIENCE COMMUNICATION: Public Acceptance of Evolution". Science. 313: 765–766. PMID 16902112. doi:10.1126/science.1126746.
13. Nick Matzke (10 August 2006). "Well, at least we beat Turkey". The Panda's Thumb.
14. "IIG Awards". Independent Investigations Report.
15. An Interview with David Berlinski: Part One, Intelligent Design the Future, March 7, 2006
16. "Scientific American 10: Guiding Science for Humanity". Scientific American. June 2009.
17. Steve Mirsky (22 January 2006). "Teach the Science: Wherever evolution education is under attack by creationist thinking, Eugenie Scott will be there to defend science—with rationality and resolve". Scientific American.
18. "Profile: Eugenie C. Scott: Giving ammo to the choir". The Scientist. 16 (11): 60. 27 May 2002. Archived from the original on June 6, 2002.
19. "Profile: Eugenie Scott: Berkeley scientist leads fight to stop teaching of creationism". The Chronicle. 7 February 2003.
20. Ain't it the truth? Two plus two equals four — spread the word, Joel Stein, Stanford Medicine Magazine]
21. An Interview with Dr. Eugenie Scott, By Bill Busher, CSICOP
22. Not In Our Classrooms! Leading Science Educator Explains Why ‘Intelligent Design’ Is Wrong For Our Schools, Church & State, Americans United
23. Eugenie Scott - Evolution vs. Religious Belief? Point of Inquiry
24. Eugenie Scott - The Dover Trial: Evolution vs. Intelligent Design
25. Eugenie Scott: Decrypting Pseudoscience
26. Still waiting for ID proponents to say more than 'Evolution is wrong'
27. The Big Tent and the Camel's Nose, Eugenie Scott, Metanexus Institute.
28. NCSE's Scott on Fox, CNN, NCSE
29. Kansas Debates Evolution: Stephen C. Meyer, Eugenie Scott, May 6, 2005 from the Discovery Institute
30. "Evolution Vs. God in the Classroom - The Big Story w/ Gibson and Nauert". Fox News Channel. 2005-05-06. Retrieved 2010-02-17.
31. "Creationism". Bullshit!. 2004. Archived from the original on 2008-06-18. Retrieved 2008-05-17.
32. Richard, Saunders (2 July 2017). "Skepic Zone podcast #454". Skeptic Zone. Retrieved 28 July 2017.

Selected Sources from UK Libraries:

Scott, Eugenie Carol. Evolution vs. Creationism : An Introduction. Westport, Conn.: Greenwood, 2004. Print.
QH367 .S395 2004, Education Library

Scott, Eugenie Carol, and Glenn. Branch. Not in Our Classrooms : Why Intelligent Design Is Wrong for Our Schools. Boston, Mass.: Beacon, 2006. Print.
BL263 .N68 2006, Education Library

Schiller, Greta., Eugenie Carol Scott, Andrea. Weiss, Paul. Winter, Jezebel Productions, and New Day Films. No Dinosaurs in Heaven. Special Teachers ed. New York]: Jezebel Productions/New Day Films, 2010.
AV-D8727, Young Media Library

Birth Dates of Notable Kentuckians: October 22, 1783 – Constantine Samuel Rafinesque

Image from digitalgallery.nypl.org


From The Kentucky Encyclopedia –
Constantine Samuel Rafinesque, naturalist and philologist, was born on October 22, 1783, in Galata, a suburb of Constantinople, to Francois G.A. and Madeleine (Schmaltz) Rafinesque. His father was a French merchant and his mother the daughter of a German merchant family long resident in the Levant. Rafinesque's family moved to France the year following his birth; during the turmoil of the French Revolution, the boy was sent to live with relatives in Tuscany. He was taught by tutors; his hopes of a university education in Switzerland were thwarted by the family's reduced income after his father died in Philadelphia in 1793, of yellow fever contracted during a commercial voyage to China.

At age nineteen Rafinesque became an apprentice in the mercantile house of the Clifford Brothers in Philadelphia. During the next two years, he roamed the woods and fields from Pennsylvania to Virginia, making plant and animal collections and developing a wide correspondence with fellow naturalists. He returned to Europe in 1805 and spent the next decade in Sicily, where he was secretary to the U.S. consul. He carried on a lucrative international trade in commodities while exploring the island for plants and identifying fishes in the Palermo market that were scientifically unrecorded. During this time his first scientific books were published.

Rafinesque fathered two children in Sicily but could not legally marry their mother, Josephine Vacarro, because he was a Protestant and she a Roman Catholic. On his return to the United States in 1815, he was shipwrecked on Long Island Sound, losing all his collections and unpublished manuscripts. He remained in America the rest of his life, becoming a naturalized citizen in 1832, and did not see his family again.

Assisted by friends, he lived in New York until 1818, when he set off on a collecting trip down the Ohio River as far as Shawneetown, Illinois. During the trip he began the first comprehensive survey of the river's fish population ( Ichthyologia Ohiensis, 1820). He stayed eight days with John James Audubon in Henderson, Kentucky, and on his return to Philadelphia passed through Lexington, where his former employer, the merchant John D. Clifford, had settled. Clifford, a trustee of Transylvania University , arranged for Rafinesque to become professor of botany and natural science there.

Rafinesque's years at Transylvania, 1819-26, though often troubled by quarrels with colleagues, were among his most productive. He published scientific names, both locally and in Europe, for thousands of plants and hundreds of animals. He became interested also in prehistoric Indian sites -- identifying 148 of them in Kentucky alone -- and in Indian languages, leading to his preservation of the Walam Olum, the epic of the migration of the Delaware Indians. At Transylvania he taught botany through the innovation of examining physical specimens and he tried, unsuccessfully, to found a botanical garden in conjunction with the university. When he returned to Philadelphia in the spring of 1826, he shipped ahead forty crates of specimens, which were the basis of his studies for the rest of his life.

Rafinesque's remaining years in Philadelphia were sustained by a variety of means. He traded in specimens and books; he gave public lectures; he organized a workingmen's bank; he invented and marketed a nostrum for tuberculosis. With the patronage of the wealthy Charles Wetherill, he issued an astonishing array of books -- not only natural history works but also philosophical poetry and a linguistic study of Hebrew -- although they found few buyers. By Rafinesque's own count, he published 220 "works, pamphlets, essays, and tracts," yet he left as great a bulk in manuscript, most of which was sold as junk after his death. Best known for remarkable fecundity in devising scientific names -- 6,700 in botany alone -- Rafinesque also had some insight into a number of theoretical issues in biology that became important later: the impermanence of species, the significance of fossils in dating sedimentary geological strata, and such ecological considerations as plant geography and plant succession.

Rafinesque died in Philadelphia in 1840, probably on September 19, and was buried in Ronaldson's Cemetery. Eighty-four years later, friends of Transylvania excavated the gravesite and reinterred at Transylvania the bones thought to be his. (Because of a misunderstanding about the succession of six burials that had taken place in the same Philadelphia gravesite over time, the stone at Transylvania that today bears the name Rafinesque in fact covers the remains of a woman named Mary Passimore.)

CHARLES BOEWE, Entry Author

Selected Sources from UK Libraries:

Fitzpatrick, T. J. Rafinesque; a Sketch of His Life. Des Moines: Historical Department of Iowa, 1911. Print.
QH31.R13 F6, Special Collections Research Center - Rare Books

Meijer, Willem. The Contribution by Rafinesque to the Early Botanical Exploration of Kentucky. N.p., 1973. Print.
581.9769 R1247m, Special Collections Research Center

Warren, Leonard, and University Press of Kentucky. Constantine Samuel Rafinesque a Voice in the American Wilderness. Lexington, Ky.: U of Kentucky, 2004. Web.
QH31.R13 W37 2004, Young Library - 5th Floor

Birth Dates of Notable Kentuckians: October 21, 1936 – Jim Wayne Miller

  Image from www.jimwaynemiller.com


From The Kentucky Encyclopedia –
Jim Wayne Miller, poet, was born October 21, 1936, in Leicester, North Carolina, son of James Woodrow and Edith (Smith) Miller. He attended Leicester public schools and graduated from Kentucky's Berea College in 1958 with a B.A. degree in English literature. He served two years as a German instructor at Fort Knox, Kentucky, and did graduate studies in German and English literature at Vanderbilt University in Nashville, where he was awarded a Ph.D. degree in 1965. Miller became a professor of German at Western Kentucky University in Bowling Green , taught folklore and creative writing courses, and served as consultant to Appalachian studies programs in neighboring states. A major southern poet and fiction writer popular at poetry readings and workshops, he is known throughout Kentucky. Miller has been a featured poet on several television programs. His first collection of poems was Copperhead Cane (1964), followed by The More Things Change, the More They Stay the Same (1971); Dialogue with a Dead Man (1974); The Mountains Have Come Closer (1980), winner of the Thomas Wolfe Award; and Vein of Words (1985). Miller's translations include The Figure of Fulfillment and The Salzach Sibyl by the Austrian poet Emil Lerperber. His work appears in the anthologies Contemporary Southern Poetry, A Geography of Poets, and Going Over to Your Place. His first novel, Newfound (1989), is set in Appalachia.

Miller married Mary Ellen Yates of Carter County , Kentucky, in 1958; they have three children: James, Frederic, and Ruth Ratcliff.

JOY BALE BOONE, Entry Author

Selected Sources from UK Libraries:

Lasater, Michael., Jim Wayne. Miller, and Western Kentucky University. Television Center. I Have a Place the Poetry of Jim Wayne Miller. Bowling Green, Ky.]: Western Kentucky U Television Center ; [distributed by Barr Films], 1985.
AV-V2251, Young Media Library

Miller, Jim Wayne. Copperhead Cane : Poems. 1st ed. Louisville, Ky.: Green River Writers/Grex, 1995. Print.
PS3563.I4127 C670 1995, Young Library - 5th Floor

Miller, Jim Wayne., and Rowan Mountain Press. Round and round with Kahlil Gibran. Blacksburg, Va.: Rowan Mountain, 1990. Print.
PS3563.I4127 R68 1990, Special Collections Research Center

Birth Dates of Notable Kentuckians: Michael Dorris - January 30, 1945

Image from www.dartmouth.edu

From Wikipedia (Accessed October 21, 2016): 

Michael Anthony Dorris (January 30, 1945^[1] – April 10, 1997) was an American novelist and scholar who was the first Chair of the Native American Studies program at Dartmouth.^[2][3] His works include the memoir, The Broken Cord (1989) and the novel, A Yellow Raft in Blue Water (1987). He was married to author Louise Erdrich and the two frequently collaborated in their writing. He committed suicide in 1997 while police were investigating allegations that he had abused his daughters. 

The Broken Cord, which won the 1989 National Book Critics Circle Award for General Nonfiction, helped provoke Congress to approve legislation to warn of the dangers of drinking alcohol during pregnancy.^[4] 

Biography

Michael Dorris was born in Louisville, Kentucky^[1][5] to Jim and Mary Besy (Burkhardt) Dorris. His father died before Dorris was born (reportedly by suicide during WWII), and Dorris was raised as an only child by his mother, who became a secretary for the Democratic Party.^[6] It has been reported that two maternal relatives also help raise him, either two aunts,^[6] or an aunt and his maternal grandmother.^[1] In his youth he spent summers with his father's relatives on reservations in Washington and Montana.^[1] In an article published in New York magazine two months after Dorris's death, a reporter quoted the Modoc tribal historian as saying, "Dorris was probably the descendant of a white man named Dorris whom records show befriended the Modocs on the West Coast just before and after the Modoc War of 1873. Even so, there is no record of a Dorris having been enrolled as an Indian citizen on the Klamath rolls."^[6] The Washington Post provides a contrary report of Dorris's descent: "Dorris' father's mother, who was white, became pregnant by her Indian boyfriend, but, the times being what they were, she could not marry him. She later married a white man named Dorris."^[7] 

He received his BA (cum laude) in English and Classics from Georgetown University in 1967 and a Masters degree from Yale University in 1971 in anthropology, after beginning studies for a theater degree.^[1] He did his field work in Alaska studying the effects of off shore drilling on the Native Alaskan communities.^[5] In 1972, Dorris helped form Dartmouth College's Native American Studies department,^[8] and was its first Chair.^[4] 

In 1971, he became one of the first unmarried men in the United States to adopt a child.^[8][9] His adopted son, a three-year-old Lakota boy named Reynold Abel, was eventually diagnosed with fetal alcohol syndrome. Dorris' struggle to understand and care for his son became the subject of his work The Broken Cord (in which he uses the pseudonym "Adam" for his son). Dorris adopted two more Native American children, Jeffrey Sava in 1974 and Madeline Hannah in 1976, both of whom also likely suffered from fetal alcohol syndrome.^[10] In 1975, he wrote the text to accompany the photographs of Joseph C. Farber in the book Native Americans: Five Hundred Years After.^[11] He was named a Guggenheim Fellow in 1977 for his work in Anthropology & Cultural Studies.^[12] In 1980, he and his 3 adopted children left their home in Cornish, New Hampshire to spend a year's sabbatical in New Zealand.^[5] 

After returning to the United States, in 1981 he married Louise Erdrich,^[4] a writer of German-American, Métis and Anishinaabe descent, whom he had initially met ten years earlier while he was teaching at Dartmouth and she was a student.^[6] During his sabbatical in New Zealand, Dorris and Erdrich had begun corresponding regularly by mail.^[5] After their marriage, she adopted his three children and eventually gave birth to their three daughters: Persia Andromeda, Pallas Antigone, and Aza Marion.^[4] Erdrich and Dorris contributed to each other's writing^[4] and together wrote romance fiction under the pseudonym Milou North to supplement their income, with many of their works being published in the British magazine Woman^[13] Erdrich dedicated her novels The Beet Queen (1986)^[6] and Tracks^[14] (1988) to Dorris. The family lived in Cornish, New Hampshire.^[15] 

While teaching at Dartmouth, Dorris frequently mentored other students and was part of the successful effort to get rid of the college's Indian mascot.^[5] In 1985, after the couple had received major grants, the family moved for a year to Northfield, Minnesota.^[5]

Beginning in 1986, his son Sava was sent to boarding school and military school.^[6] Madaline began going to boarding school when she was 12.^[5] After the success of The Broken Cord in 1989, and an advance of $1.5 million for the outline of Crown of Columbus, Dorris quit teaching at Dartmouth to become a full-time writer.^[5] In 1992, his oldest son Reynold Abel was hit by a car and killed.^[16] Dorris, Erdrich and their three daughters moved to Kalispell, Montana, allegedly because of death threats that Sava had made towards them.^[5] They later moved back to New Hampshire in 1993,^[5] and then to the Piper Mansion in Minneapolis.^[6] 

Sava sent a letter to the couple in 1994 threatening to "destroy their lives" and demanding money. Dorris and Erdrich took Sava to court for attempted felony theft. The first jury deadlocked, and the next year Sava was acquitted of the charges.^[5] 

The couple separated, and Dorris went for treatment of alcohol abuse at Hazelden.^[6] Dorris and Erdrich divorced in 1996,^[17] Dorris considered himself "addicted to" Erdrich and fell into a depression.^[17] 

Madeline^[5] and two of his biological daughters made allegations of abuse against him.^[4] Dorris made a failed suicide attempt in March 1997.^[17] On April 10, 1997, Dorris used a combination of suffocation, drugs, and alcohol to commit suicide in the Brick Tower Motor Inn in Concord, New Hampshire. In conversations with friends, Dorris maintained his innocence and his lack of faith that the legal system would exonerate him without him "demolishing" his wife and children in a "vicious" court trial.^[17] With his death, the criminal investigations into the sexual abuse allegations were closed.^[18] 

Reception

Dorris is the author, co-author, or editor of a dozen books in the areas of fiction, memoir and essays and non-fiction.

His Yellow Raft in Blue Water (1987) has been named among the "finest literary debuts of the late 20th century."^[8] It tells the story of three generations of women in a non-linear fashion from multiple perspectives, a technique that Dorris would frequently use in his later writings as well.^[17] 

His memoir The Broken Cord is credited with bringing "international attention to the problem of fetal alcohol syndrome".^[9] The book won a number of awards including the Christopher Award and the National Book Critics Circle Award for General non-fiction.^[19] The book is credited with inspiring Congressional legislation on FAS,^[17] and was the basis for a made-for TV film,^[17] with Jimmy Smits playing Dorris.^[6] In an essay originally published in the Wicazo Sa Review, Elizabeth Cook-Lynn criticizes Dorris and Erdrich (who had written the Foreword), claiming that they are calling for the jailing alcoholic Native mothers during their pregnancies to forestall fetal alcohol syndrome.^[20] 

When he and Erdrich co-wrote The Crown of Columbus (the only fiction that they officially share credit, although they frequently stated that they collaborated on many of each other's works), each would individually produce a preliminary draft of each section.^[21] Within the novel, various characters are writing collaborators, and the work has been identified as an autobiographical representation of creative "pleasure and problems" Dorris and Erdrich shared.^[22] 

His 1997 Cloud Chamber continued the story of the families introduced in Yellow Raft in Blue Water; telling "the hard story of hard people living difficult lives with much courage" (LA Times Book Review) and is written with "evocative prose" (Publishers Weekly).^[23]

Dorris published three works for young adults during his life, and The Window was published after his death. Like his other work, the novels explored issues of identity, as well as sibling rivalry.^[17] 

Works

• Native Americans Five Hundred Years After (with photographer Joseph Farber, 1975)
• A Guide to Research on North American Indians (with Mary Byler and Arlene Hirschfelder, 1983)
• A Yellow Raft in Blue Water (1987)
• The Broken Cord: Fetal Alcohol Syndrome and the Loss of the Future (1989)
• The Crown of Columbus (with Louise Erdrich, 1991)
• Route Two and Back (with Louise Erdrich, 1991)
• Morning Girl (1992)
• Working Men (1993)
• Rooms in the House of Stone (1993)
• Paper Trail (essays, 1994)
• Guests (1995)
• Sees Behind Trees (1996)
• Cloud Chamber (1997)
• The Window (1997)
• The Most Wonderful Books: Writers on Discovering the Pleasures of Reading, edited (1997)

References

1.    Sharp, Michael D. (2006-09-01). Popular Contemporary Writers: Index Volume. Marshall Cavendish. pp. 551–. ISBN 9780761476016. Retrieved 10 December 2012.

2.    "Michael Dorris". Dartmouth.edu. Retrieved 2013-10-24.

3.    "History". Dartmouth.edu. 1970-03-02. Retrieved 2013-10-24.

4.    O'Reilly, Andrea (2010-04-06). Encyclopedia of Motherhood. SAGE Publications. pp. 5–. ISBN 9781412968461. Retrieved 6 December 2012.

5.    COLIN COVERT (Aug 3, 1997). "The anguished life of Michael Dorris". StarTribune.com. Retrieved 16 December 2012.

6.    New York Magazine. New York Media, LLC. 1997-06-16. Retrieved 8 December 2012.

7.    Streitfield 1997

8.    JOSIE RAWSON (Apr 21, 1997). "A broken life - Salon.com". Salon. Retrieved 6 December 2012.

9.    LA Times Staff and wire reports (April 15, 1997). "Michael Dorris; Chronicler of Fetal Alcohol Syndrome". Los Angeles Times. Retrieved 6 December 2012.

10. Kate Falvey (2010). Andrea O'Reilly, ed. Encyclopedia of Motherhood, Volume 1. Sage. p. 355.

11. Linda Ledford-Miller. Emmanuel Sampath Nelson, ed. The Greenwood Encyclopedia of Multiethnic American Literature. A–C. Greenwood Press. p. 609.

12. "Search Results 1977". John Simon Guggenheim Memorial Foundation. Retrieved 8 December 2012.

13. Lorena Laura Stookey (1999). Louise Erdrich: A Critical Companion. Greenwood Press. p. 4.

14. Quennet, Fabienne C. (2001). Where 'Indians' Fear to Tread?: A Postmoden Reading of Louise Erdrich's North Dakota Quartet. LIT Verlag Münster. pp. 223–. ISBN 9783825855987. Retrieved 8 December 2012.

15. Coltelli, Laura (1992). Winged Words: American Indian Writers Speak. U of Nebraska Press. pp. 42–. ISBN 9780803263512. Retrieved 10 December 2012.

16. Couser, G. Thomas (2004). Vulnerable Subjects: Ethics and Life Writing. Cornell University Press. pp. 209–. ISBN 9780801488634. Retrieved 6 December 2012.

17. Carnes, Mark C. (2005-05-12). American National Biography: Supplement 2: Supplement 2. Oxford University Press. pp. 149–. ISBN 9780195222029. Retrieved 6 December 2012.

18. Rawson, Josie (1997). "a broken life". Salon.

19. O'Connor, Maureen (2011-08-23). Life Stories: A Guide to Reading Interests in Memoirs, Autobiographies, and Diaries. ABC-CLIO. pp. 268–. ISBN 9781610691468. Retrieved 6 December 2012.

20. Cook-Lynn, Elizabeth. 2001. Anti-Indianism in Modern America: A Voice from Tatekeya's Earth. University of Illinois Press. p81

21. Laird, Holly A. (2000-05-11). Women Coauthors. University of Illinois Press. pp. 307–. ISBN 9780252025471. Retrieved 6 December 2012.

22. Karell, Linda K. (2002). Writing Together, Writing Apart: Collaboration in Western American Literature. U of Nebraska Press. pp. 202–. ISBN 9780803227491. Retrieved 8 December 2012.

23. Lesher, Linda Parent (2000-02-01). The Best Novels of the Nineties: A Reader's Guide. McFarland. pp. 203–. ISBN 9780786407422. Retrieved 6 December 2012.

Other sources

• "Michael Dorris." Newsmakers 1997, Issue 4. Gale Research, 1997.
• Contemporary Authors Online, Gale, 2005.
• Gleick, Elizabeth. "An imperfect union." Time, April 28, 1997 v149 n17 p68(2)
• "Michael Anthony Dorris." Notable Native Americans. Gale Research, 1995.

Further reading

• Vizenor, Gerald Robert. 1999. Manifest Manners: Narratives on Postindian Survivance. University of Nebraska Press.

External links

• Guide to the Papers of Michael Dorris at Rauner Special Collections Library, Dartmouth College
• Michael Dorris at Library of Congress Authorities, with 17 catalog records

Selected Sources from UK Libraries:

Dorris, Michael. The Broken Cord. New York: HarperPerennial, 1990. Print.

RG629.F45 D67 1990b, Young Library - 5th Floor

Dorris, Michael. A Yellow Raft in Blue Water. 1st ed. New York: H. Holt, 1987. Print.

PS3554.O695 Y4 1987, Young Library - 5th Floor

Beattie, L. Elisabeth, and Louie B. Nunn Center for Oral History. Michael Dorris Oral History Project. 1998.

Special Collections Research Center Spec Coll Research Center - Oral History Collection (OHMD ) 

Birth Dates of Notable Kentuckians: October 19, 1810 - Cassius Marcellus Clay

 Image from www.berea.com




From The Kentucky Encyclopedia -
Cassius Marcellus Clay, emancipationist and diplomat, the son of Gen. Green and Sallie (Lewis) Clay, was born on October 19, 1810, in the Tate's Creek area of Madison County. After attending common schools and the Madison Seminary, he studied under the celebrated teacher Joshua Fry at his home in Garrard County and later enrolled at St. Joseph's College in Bardstown. From Transylvania University in 1831, Clay went to Yale, where in 1832 an antislavery speech by William Lloyd Garrison deeply impressed him and influenced his lifelong opposition to slavery.

Clay returned to Kentucky and completed a law degree at Transylvania. He embraced Henry Clay's American System and was elected state representative from Madison County in 1835. Opposing slavery interests, he was defeated the following year, but returned again in 1837 when, as a Whig, he backed the Bank of Kentucky and funds for public schools.

Clay's outspoken attacks on slavery aroused bitter hostility, especially among the pro-slavery faction of the Whig party , and occasionally involved him in violence. In 1841 he fought a duel with Robert Wickliffe, Jr.; neither was injured. In 1843, at a political meeting, he was attacked by Samuel M. Brown, reputed to be a hired assassin, who shot at Clay and in turn was severely wounded by Clay's bowie knife (a weapon that became part of Clay's colorful legend in Kentucky). Charged with mayhem, Clay was defended by Henry Clay and John Speed Smith and was acquitted on grounds of self-defense.

In the 1844 presidential race, Clay canvassed the North for his cousin Henry under the slogan "Clay, Union, and Liberty!" having by this time freed his unentailed slaves. The next year he began publishing an antislavery paper, the Lexington True American. A committee was organized to suppress the publication. Clay prepared to defend his office by force, but was stricken with typhoid fever; during his absence a posse including James B. Clay, Henry's son, packed the newspaper equipment and moved it to Cincinnati. Clay continued for a time to publish the paper in Cincinnati. Two years later he was awarded a judgment of $2,500 against the committee.

After serving as a captain in the Mexican War , Clay returned to Lexington in 1847 and continued to agitate on the slavery question, speaking frequently in the North. He corresponded with abolitionist John G. Fee , invited him to Madison County , donated a ten-acre tract of land, and encouraged Fee to begin the church-school community that became Berea College.

In 1856, Clay campaigned vigorously in the North for the first National Republican party ticket. By 1860 his picture had appeared in Harper's Weekly along with those of nine other likely presidential candidates. Clay supported Lincoln for the presidential nomination and after Lincoln's election was appointed minister to Russia in 1861. Before he sailed for Russia, Clay organized a battalion of volunteers to guard the Washington Navy Yard and protect government property in the capital until federal troops arrived.

In 1862 Clay was recalled from Russia and commissioned a major general; at Lincoln's request, he went to Kentucky to sound out opinion regarding the proposed emancipation proclamation and returned with a report that the loyal element would hold. About three weeks later, following the Union victory at Antietam, Lincoln released the historic proclamation.

Clay's second mission to Russia, 1863-69, was an extension of the first. His cultivation of amity between the two nations helped to bring about the U.S. purchase of Alaska.

After his return to the United States in 1869, Clay was a pioneer in the Liberal Republican movement and in 1872 helped to engineer the nomination of Horace Greeley. Later, his dislike of the Radicals led him to bolt the party. As a Democrat, he campaigned in Mississippi against Radical Republican Gov. Adelbert Ames; the famed emancipationist and hero of the North thus became a hero of the South.

Clay married Mary Jane Warfield of Lexington on February 26, 1833. Ten children were born to them: Elisha Warfield; Green; Mary Barr; Sarah Lewis; Cassius Marcellus, Jr. (died at three weeks); Cassius Marcellus, Jr.; Brutus Junius; Laura (Clay) ; Flora; and Anne Warfield. After forty-five years of marriage the octogenarian divorced his wife and married Dora Richardson, many years his junior. He died on July 22, 1903, and was buried in Richmond, Kentucky.

H. EDWARD RICHARDSON, Entry Author

Selected Sources from UK Libraries:

Richardson, H. Edward. Cassius Marcellus Clay : Firebrand of Freedom. Lexington, Ky.: U of Kentucky, 1996. Print.
E415.9.C55 R47 1996, Special Collections Research Center

Clay, Cassius Marcellus. The Life of Cassius Marcellus Clay; Memoirs, Writings, and Speeches, Showing His Conduct in the Overthrow of American Slavery, the Salvation of the Union, and the Restoration of the Autonomy of the States. [Vol. 1]. New York: Negro Universities, 1969. Print.
E415.9.C55 A3 1969, Young Library - 4th Floor

Smiley, David L. Lion of White Hall; the Life of Cassius M. Clay. Gloucester, Mass.: P. Smith, 1969. Print.
E415.9.C55 S47 1969, Young Library - 4th Floor

Birth Dates of Notable Kentuckians: October 16, 1906 - Cleanth Brooks

Photo by Michael Marsland, from www.knowla.org



From The Kentucky Encyclopedia -
Literary critic and educator Cleanth Brooks was born on October 16, 1906, at Murray, Kentucky, son of Cleanth and Bessie Lee (Witherspoon) Brooks. He received a bachelor of arts from Vanderbilt University in Nashville in 1928 and a master of arts in 1929 from Tulane University in New Orleans. He was a Rhodes scholar at Oxford University during 1929-32.

At Louisiana State University (1932-47) he became associated with New Criticism, the most influential critical movement of its time, and worked closely for many years with Robert Penn Warren. Warren and Brooks together founded the Southern Review in 1935 and Brooks was its first editor. They also collaborated on a widely used series of college textbooks for the teaching of literature: Understanding Poetry (1938), Understanding Fiction (1943), and Understanding Drama (1948). Brooks's best-known works of criticism are The Well-Wrought Urn (1947) and Modern Poetry and the Tradition (1939).

Brooks taught at Yale from 1946 to 1975. He now lives in retirement in New Haven, Connecticut. He married Edith Amy Blanchard on September 12, 1934. She died in October 1986.

See

Lewis P. Simpson, The Possibilities of Order: Cleanth Brooks and His Work (Baton Rouge, La., 1976).

(According to http://www.knowla.org/entry/661/ Brooks died May 10, 1994.)

Selected Sources from UK Libraries:

Brooks, Cleanth. The Well Wrought Urn : Studies in the Structure of Poetry. New York: Reynal & Hitchcock, 1947. Print.
PR502 .B7, Young Library - 4th Floor

Brooks, Cleanth. A Shaping Joy; Studies in the Writer's Craft. 1st American Ed.]. ed. New York: Harcourt Brace Jovanovich, 1972. Print.
PR403 .B7 1972, Special Collections Research Center

Farrell, David, Susan E. Allen, and Louie B. Nunn Center for Oral History. Robert Penn Warren Oral History Project. 1977.
Special Collections Research Center - Oral History Collection

Birth Dates of Notable Kentuckians: October 15, 1912 – Carl Perkins

 

Image from en.wikipedia.org



From The Kentucky Encyclopedia -
Among the last of the New Deal liberals, Carl Dexter Perkins, who served eastern Kentucky in the U.S. House of Representatives, was born October 15, 1912, in Hindman, Kentucky. He was the son of James Elbert Perkins, a lawyer, and Dora (Calhoun) Perkins, a teacher. Following his education in the Knott County Schools, at Caney Junior College (now Alice Lloyd ), and at Lees College, he taught in a remote Knott County school. In 1935 he graduated from the University of Louisville law school. He entered private practice for the next three years, during which he married Verna Johnson, a teacher. They had one child, Carl Christopher. Perkins completed an unexpired term as commonwealth attorney in 1939 and the following year was elected to the Kentucky General Assembly . He was elected Knott County attorney in 1941, and again in 1945, his tenure interrupted by combat service in the European theater during World War II.

A Democrat from Kentucky's mountainous 7th District, Perkins was first elected to Congress in 1948 and began to serve on January 3, 1949. He was appointed to the House Education and Labor Committee, arena for many of the ideological struggles over the social agenda of the federal government. A conservative coalition on the committee frustrated many liberal initiatives supported by Perkins, but the landslide election of 1964 produced a liberal majority sufficient to enact legislation fundamental to President Lyndon Johnson's program. Perkins became chairman of the committee in 1967, as it prepared to consider major antipoverty legislation. Many doubted whether the unsophisticated country lawyer was equal to the demands of his new position, but Perkins's diligence, persistent commitment to liberal principles, mastery of congressional procedures, and skills of personal persuasion soon gained him a reputation as one of the most influential men in Washington.

Perkins became a champion of the rights of labor, one of the nation's foremost advocates of federal social welfare programs for the disadvantaged, and, in the words of the former president of the National Education Association, Mary Hatwood Futrell, "the father of virtually every postwar federal education program." Perkins's bill supporting vocational education became law in 1963. The following year his committee produced landmark legislation to provide financial aid to disadvantaged college students, and, for the first time, extend general federal aid to elementary and secondary education. Perkins helped formulate the Economic Opportunity Act, centerpiece of Johnson's War on Poverty, and was one of its strongest advocates. He was a champion of the Head Start program, the school lunch program, adult education, federal assistance to libraries, and federal aid for the construction of highways and hospitals in the depressed Appalachian region. An early supporter of civil rights, Perkins backed President Harry S. Truman's attempt to establish a permanent Fair Employment Practices Commission, and was one of eleven Southern Democrats to vote for the 1964 Civil Rights Act. He also wrote federal legislation to improve safety standards in coal mines and to extend compensation to victims of black lung disease.

In his final years, Perkins fought vigorously to protect federal education and social welfare programs from budget cuts, and he emerged as a leading Democratic spokesman in opposition to the Reagan administration. Perkins died of a massive heart attack on August 3, 1984, en route from Washington to his home in Hindman and was buried in Perkins Cemetery, Leburn, Kentucky.

DANIEL G. STROUP, Entry Author

Selected Sources from UK Libraries:

Appalshop, Inc. A Tribute to Carl D. Perkins. Whitesburg, KY: Appalshop, 1984.
SC-V3415, Young Media Library

Reeves, Andrée E., and University Press of Kentucky. Congressional Committee Chairmen : Three Who Made an Evolution. Lexington: U of Kentucky, 1993. Print. Comparative Legislative Studies.
JK1430.E352 R44 1993, Young Library - 4th Floor

United States. Congress. Joint Committee on Printing. Memorial Services Held in the House of Representatives and Senate of the United States, Together with Tributes Presented in Eulogy of Carl D. Perkins, Late a Representative from Kentucky, Ninety-eighth Congress, Second Session. Washington: U.S. G.P.O., 1984. Print.
Y 7.1:P 41/3, Young Library - U.S. Government Publications (5th floor)